By: Momodou Bah1
The legacy of Yahya Jammeh, former President of The Gambia, presents a significant challenge for the country as it grapples with the dual imperatives of justice and peace. Jammeh, who ruled The Gambia with an iron fist from 1994 to 2016, is accused of gross human rights violations, including extrajudicial killings, torture, and other wrongdoings. His defeat in the 2016 elections initially seemed to mark the end of an era. Still, his refusal to accept the results led to a political crisis that was only resolved when he agreed to exile in Equatorial Guinea under pressure from ECOWAS.
Now, eight years later, the question of accountability looms large. ECOWAS has approved the establishment of a court to prosecute Jammeh for his alleged crimes. However, the situation is complicated by Jammeh’s enduring popularity, particularly among his kinsmen and certain segments of the population. Many believe he could defeat the incumbent president if he were to contest elections today. This paradox highlights the delicate balance The Gambia must strike between delivering justice to victims and maintaining peace and stability in a divided nation.
Justice is a cornerstone of any democratic society. The victims of Jammeh’s regime deserve acknowledgment of their suffering and accountability for the atrocities committed. Establishing an ECOWAS court will and must offer a transparent and impartial avenue for addressing these grievances. Justice serves not only to redress past wrongs but also to deter future abuses. Allowing impunity risks emboldening other potential perpetrators and undermining the rule of law. For The Gambia, prosecuting Jammeh would send a strong message that no one is above the law, reinforcing the country’s commitment to justice and human rights.
On the other hand, the fragile peace of The Gambia must not be overlooked. Jammeh’s significant following poses a risk of political instability and potential unrest if his prosecution is not handled carefully. His supporters view him as a protector of their interests, and any perceived targeting of him could deepen divisions and fuel tensions.
Reconciliation is equally important. The country’s wounds from Jammeh’s regime are deep, and healing requires more than courtroom verdicts. Truth-telling, dialogue, and community-based reconciliation efforts are essential to bridge divides and foster a sense of national unity.
Therefore, the way forward lies in balancing justice and reconciliation. This can be achieved through the following steps:
1. Transparent and Impartial Legal Proceedings
The ECOWAS court must operate independently, ensuring Jammeh’s trial is free of political interference. Fairness and transparency will be critical to maintaining public trust in the process.
2. Strengthening Transitional Justice Mechanisms
The Gambia should build on the work of its Truth, Reconciliation, and Reparations Commission (TRRC) to provide a platform for victims to share their stories and receive reparations. This approach allows for accountability while fostering healing and understanding.
3. Engaging Jammeh’s Supporters
Dialogue with Jammeh’s followers is crucial to reduce polarization. It is essential to communicate that justice is not an attack on any community but a step toward a fairer and more inclusive society.
4. Promoting National Unity
A nationwide campaign emphasizing shared values and collective aspirations can help mend divisions. Educational programs and public discourse should focus on the importance of justice, reconciliation, and peace.
5. Addressing Socioeconomic Grievances
Many of Jammeh’s supporters are driven by socioeconomic frustrations. Investing in development programs, particularly in marginalized regions, can address the root causes of their grievances and reduce their reliance on divisive political figures.
In conclusion, the Gambia is at a crossroads. The principles of justice and peace must guide the decision to prosecute Yahya Jammeh. The Gambia can navigate this challenge and emerge stronger by ensuring a fair and transparent legal process, fostering reconciliation, and addressing the underlying issues that fuel division. Justice and peace are not mutually exclusive; they are two sides of the same coin. A balanced approach that prioritizes both will allow the Gambia to honor the victims of the past while building a more united and prosperous future.
The Author, Momodou Bah1, is the leader of the Afro Movement and aspirant to the presidency of the Republic of The Gambia in 2026
